Montée de lait chat

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Arrêter la montée de lait chez la chienne et la chatte

En fonction du type de lactation, les modes d’intervention sont différents. Il faut faut donc les différencier (2 types de lactation et 3 modes d’intervention).

La lactation physiologique

La lactation physiologique survient, normalement, au moment de la mise bas ; elle couvre à elle seule les besoins croissants des jeunes pendant un temps moyen de 3 semaines puis, la production de la mère reste stable pendant environ 2 semaines (alors que l’augmentation des besoins nutritifs des petits est couverte par un apport extérieur de lait maternisé ou d’aliments adaptés) avant de décroître progressivement sur une période de 3 semaines.

Pendant cette dernière phase, la mère réagit à la douleur, due à la présence des dents de lait chez les jeunes, en refusant la tétée jusqu’au moment où la réplétion des mamelles la contraint à l’accepter ; le tarissement est ainsi réalisé spontanément et le sevrage terminé deux mois après la naissance.

C’est ce tarissement naturel coordonné avec le sevrage progressif des jeunes qui donne le meilleur résultat pratique, pour la mère et pour ses petits. Le tarissement de la lactation physiologique est nécessaire immédiatement après l’accouchement lorsque les jeunes ne sont pas élevés par leur mère (morts ou euthanasiés, ou sevrés précocément si la mère ne peut pas les nourris).

Il peut aussi être recherché lorsque les jeunes meurent en cours d’élevage ou lorsque l’on décide de sevrer précocement les petits, ce qui est une erreur pour la mère comme pour ses jeunes.

La lactation nerveuse

La lactation nerveuse consiste en un gonflement des mamelles, avec ou sans production de lait, qui survient sans lien avec une mise-bas, éventuellement après une « gestation imaginaire ». 50 % des chiennes présentent ce problème au moins une fois dans leur vie et les récidives sont nombreuses. C’est souvent la modification du comportement de la chienne qui attire l’attention : elle confectionne un « nid », reste couchée dans sa panière, adopte un objet (animal en peluche, jouet, etc.) qu’elle protège et défend comme s’il s’agissait d’un petit, devenant même parfois agressive.

Les mamelles sont gonflées et parfois enflammées ; elles peuvent sécréter du lait que l’on met en évidence en pinçant légèrement le pis.

Dans tous les cas, la diète doit être complète pendant 24 heures ; elle est suivie d’une diète hydrique de 24 heu­res, puis d’un régime hypoprotéique pendant 10 jours : la ration de viande est divisée par deux, et remplacée par des légumes verts. Si la nutrition est de type industriel, on remplace une partie de l’aliment par des légumes.

Tarir la lactation physiologique

  • Tarissement de la lactation physiologique, après gestation et mise-bas. Effectuer l’euthanasie dès la naissance sans laisser téter les petits car la succion provoque l’installation de la sécrétion. Utiliser un antilaiteux non hormonal pendant 5 jours

  • En cours de lactation (sevrage précoce) : antilaiteux non hormonal pendant 8 jours, le traitement local et bandage si les considérations esthétiques sont importantes. Consignes hygiéniques : donner de l’activité et des distractions.

  • Sevrage normal en fin de lactation : antilaiteux non hormonal pendant 5 jours, traitement local et bandage si l’esthétique de la femelle doit être préservée.

Tarir la lactation nerveuse

Tarissement de la lactation nerveuse, sans lien avec une gestation réelle : 2 mois environ après une période de chaleurs :

  • antilaiteux non hormonal aussi longtemps que nécessaire en général 8 jours,

  • lutter contre le maternage,

  • donner de l’activité et des distractions.

je voudrai savoir pour un remede pour arreter le lait de ma chatte?

Bonjour,

Pour soulager votre chatte, vous pouvez frotter son ventre avec une décoction de persil mélangée avec de l’huile d’olive. Il convient de la masser doucement. Cela n’arrêtera pas vraiment la montée de lait, mais la soulagera. Dans certains pays, cette technique est utilisée lorsque les femmes arrêtent l’allaitement de leur bébé.

Pour couper totalement la montée de lait de votre chatte, vous pouvez demander conseil à votre pharmacien pour qu’il vous vende le meilleur produit adapté au cas de votre minette.

Concernant la stérilisation (qui évitera à l’avenir des naissances indésirables), vous pouvez trouver un arrangement financier avec votre vétérinaire. Il existe aussi des associations de protection animale qui peuvent prendre en charge, tout ou partie, les frais liés à cette opération. Il y en a peu, mais elles existent voici un lien (c’est un exemple):

Il existe aussi des dispensaires où les soins sont moins onéreux

http://perso.orange.fr/olljosy/Infos/adresses_util…

Grâce à ce lien vous trouverez l’adresse du dispensaire populaire pour les animaux à Paris.

Il existe aussi des écoles vétérinaires :

Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort – 7 avenue du Général De Gaulle – 94700 Maisons Alfort

tél : 01.43.96.71.00

Site internet : http://www.vet-alfort.fr

Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes – Route de Gachet 44000 Nantes

tél : 02.40.68.77.77

Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon – 2 route de Saint Bel – 69280 Marcy l’Etoile

tél : 04.78.87.25.25

Site internet : http://www.vet-lyon.fr

Ecole Vétérinaire de Lyon – Unité SIAMU – 1 avenue Bourgelat – 69280 Marcy l’Etoile

Fluarix Tetra suspension for injection in pre-filled syringe

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Influenza vaccine, ATC Code: J07BB02

Mechanism of action

Fluarix Tetra provides active immunisation against four influenza virus strains (two A subtypes and two B lineages) contained in the vaccine.

Fluarix Tetra induces humoral antibodies against the haemagglutinins. These antibodies neutralise influenza viruses.

Specific levels of haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titre post-vaccination with inactivated influenza virus vaccines have not been correlated with protection from influenza illness but the HI antibody titres have been used as a measure of vaccine activity. In some human challenge studies, HI antibody titres of ≥1:40 have been associated with protection from influenza illness in up to 50% of subjects.

Pharmacodynamic effects

Efficacy in children 6-35 months of age:

The efficacy of Fluarix Tetra was evaluated in clinical study D-QIV-004, a randomised, observer-blind, non-influenza vaccine-controlled trial conducted during influenza seasons 2011 to 2014. Healthy subjects aged 6 through 35 months were randomized (1:1) to receive Fluarix Tetra (N = 6,006) or a non-influenza control vaccine (N = 6,012). They were administered 1 dose (in case of history of influenza vaccination) or 2 doses, approximately 28 days apart.

Efficacy of Fluarix Tetra was assessed for the prevention of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed influenza A and/or B disease (moderate to severe and of any severity) due to any seasonal influenza strain. Starting 2 weeks post-vaccination until the end of the influenza season (approximately 6 months later), nasal swabs were collected following an influenza like event, and tested for influenza A and/or B by RT-PCR. All RT-PCR-positive specimens were further tested for viability in cell culture and to determine whether the viral strains matched those in the vaccine.

Fluarix Tetra met the predefined criteria for primary and secondary vaccine efficacy objectives presented in Table 1.

Table 1: Fluarix Tetra: Attack rates and vaccine efficacy in children 6-35 months of age (ATP (according to protocol) cohort for efficacy – time to event)

CI: Confidence Interval

1Children received age appropriate non-influenza vaccine control

2Number of subjects included in the ATP cohort for efficacy – time to event. This cohort included subjects who met all eligibility criteria, who were followed for efficacy and complied with the study protocol until the episode.

3Number of subjects who reported at least one case in the reporting period

42-sided 97.5% confidence interval

52-sided 95% confidence interval

6 Influenza disease of any severity was defined as an episode of influenza-like illness (ILI, i.e. fever ≥38°C with any of the following: cough, runny nose, nasal congestion, or breathing difficulty) or a consequence of influenza virus infection .

7 Moderate to severe influenza was a subset of any influenza disease, with any of the following: fever >39°C, physician-diagnosed AOM, physician-diagnosed lower respiratory tract infection, physician-diagnosed serious extra-pulmonary complications, hospitalisation in the intensive care unit, or supplemental oxygen required for more than 8 hours.

Exploratory analyses were conducted on the Total Vaccinated Cohort including 12,018 subjects (N = 6,006 for Fluarix Tetra, N = 6,012 for control). Fluarix Tetra was efficacious in the prevention of moderate to severe influenza caused by each of the 4 strains (Table 2), even when there was significant antigenic mismatch with 2 of the vaccine strains (A/H3N2 and B/Victoria).

Table 2: Fluarix Tetra: Attack rates and vaccine efficacy for RT-PCR confirmed moderate to severe disease by Influenza A subtypes and Influenza B lineages in children 6-35 months of age (Total Vaccinated Cohort)

1Infants received age appropriate non-influenza vaccine control

2Number of subjects included in the Total Vaccinated cohort

3Number of subjects who reported at least one case in the reporting period

Efficacy in adults 18-64 years of age

A clinical study performed in more than 7,600 subjects in the Czech Republic and Finland evaluated the efficacy of Fluarix to prevent culture-confirmed influenza A and/or B cases for vaccine antigenically matched strains.

Subjects were monitored for influenza-like illness to be confirmed by culture (see table 3for results). Influenza-like illness was defined as at least one general symptom (fever ≥37.8°C and/or myalgia) and at least one respiratory symptom (cough and/or sore throat).

Table 3: Attack rates and Vaccine Efficacy against Illness associated with evidence of influenza A or B Infection in adults 18 to 64 years of age (Total Vaccinated Cohort)

1n/N: number of case/total number of subjects

2CI: Confidence Interval

3LL: Lower Limit

4There were no vaccine matched culture-confirmed cases of A/New Caledonia/20/1999 (H1N1) or B/Malaysia/2506/2004 influenza strains with Fluarix or placebo

5Of the 22 additional cases, 18 were unmatched and 4 were untyped; 15 of the 22 cases were A (H3N2) (11 cases with Fluarix and 4 cases with placebo).

In this study, immunogenicity was also evaluated.

Table 4: Post-vaccination GMT and seroconversion rates

1containing A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B (Victoria lineage)

Post-vaccination seroprotection rates were 97.6% against A/H1N1, 86.9% against A/H3N2 and 96.2% against B (Victoria).

Immunogenicity in children and adults:

Immunogenicity of Fluarix Tetra was evaluated in terms of HI Geometric mean antibody titre (GMT) at 28 days after the last dose (children) or Day 21 (adults) and HI seroconversion rate (4-fold rise in reciprocal titre or change from undetectable to a reciprocal titre of ≥ 40).

In study D-QIV-004 (children 6-35 months), the evaluation was performed in a sub-cohort of 1,332 children (753 in the Fluarix Tetra group and 579 in the control group). The results are presented in Table 5.

The effect of a 2-dose priming schedule in D-QIV-004 was evaluated by assessing the immune response after revaccination one year later with 1 dose of Fluarix Tetra in study D-QIV-009. This study demonstrated that 7 days post-vaccination, immune memory in children 6 to 35 months of age had been elicited for all four vaccine strains.

Immunogenic non-inferiority of Fluarix Tetra was assessed versus Fluarix in children in study D-QIV-003 (approximately 900 children 3 to < 18 years of age in each treatment group who received one or two doses of either vaccine) and adults in study D-QIV-008 (approximately 1,800 subjects 18 years of age and older received 1 dose of Fluarix Tetra and approximately 600 subjects received 1 dose of Fluarix). In both studies, Fluarix Tetra elicited an immune response against the three strains in common that was non-inferior to Fluarix and a superior immune response against the additional B strain included in Fluarix Tetra. The results are presented in Table 5.

Table 5: Fluarix Tetra: Post-vaccination GMT and seroconversion rates (SCR) in children (6-35 months; 3 to < 18 years) and adults 18 years or older (According to Protocol Cohort)

N = Number of subjects with post-vaccination results available (for GMT)

N’ = Number of subjects with both pre- and post-vaccination results available (for SCR)

1non-influenza vaccine control

2results from the immunogenicity subcohort

3 B (Yamagata) strain was not included in Fluarix

Concomitant administration with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines:

In clinical study D-QIV-010 involving 356 adults ≥50 years of age at risk for complications of influenza and pneumococcal diseases, subjects received Fluarix Tetra and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) either concomitantly or separately. For all four Fluarix Tetra vaccine strains and the six pneumococcal serotypes (1, 3, 4, 7F, 14, and 19A) in PPV23 evaluated in the pre-specified primary analysis, the immune response was non-inferior between the two treatment groups. Based on a descriptive analysis for six additional pneumococcal vaccine serotypes (5, 6B, 9V, 18C, 19F, and 23F), the immune response was comparable between groups, with 91.7% to 100% and 90.7% to 100% of subjects attaining seroprotective antibody levels against these serotypes in the separate and concomitant administration group respectively.

Concomitant administration with adjuvanted herpes zoster vaccine (Shingrix):

In clinical study Zoster-004, 828 adults ≥ 50 years of age were randomised to receive 2 doses of Shingrix 2 months apart, administered either concomitantly at the first dose (N=413) or non-concomitantly (N=415) with one dose of Fluarix Tetra. The antibody responses to each vaccine were similar, whether administered concomitantly or non-concomitantly. Furthermore, immunological non-inferiority between concomitant and non-concomitant administration was demonstrated for all four strains included in Fluarix Tetra in terms of HI antibody GMTs.

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